Process for securing plastic compositions.



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c. MACDONALD.

PROCESS FOR SECURING PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.23. 1914.

l Patented May 28, 1918'.

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bfrrrrrbm4 `CHARLES MACDONALD, 0F SOUTH SHIELDS, EGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO WAILES, DOVE da CUMJPMY LIMITED, 0F NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, ENGLAND.

PROGESS FOR SECURING- PLASTIC COMPGSITIONS.

Specicat'ion of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2a, IWW.

Application tiled October 23, 1914. Serial No. 868,311.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES MACDONALD, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 71 Julian avenue, South Shields, in the county of Durham, England, have invented a new and useful Improved Process for Securing Plastic Compositions, of which the following is a specification.

'Ihis invention relates to a process for the application of plastic covering to metal plates of the kind in which reinforcing metal is interposed` between the plate and the covering. One example of such a covering consists of flooring material for ships decks. In this particular case metal plates have to be covered by a material which is of a useful or agreeable appearance. Such materialsA comprise bituminous covering, Portland cement and mixtures of bituminous substances or Portland cement with sawdust,

cork, sand, gravel, ber wood pulp, asbestos,

coloring matters and substances for imparting any desired pattern to the covering ma-` terial. An objection to these coverings for decks which led to the proposalto use reinforcing metal was the fact that upon the straining of the vessel the covering material is very apt to lift from the surface to which it is applied. To combat this diiiculty otherwise it was necessary to put holdifasts into the iron steel or wooden decks to hold the wood-substitute or Iother composition coverings down. In addition to the extra expense due to this an excessive thickness of the coverin material was necessary.

'Ihe chie difficulty which has arisen with some of these compositions consists in the fact that some of the compositions employed either had a corrosive action upon the metal plates commonly employed, or Otherwise some constituent of the composition was corrosive. The deleterious eifectof this was that in time the steel plates became completely destroyed through corrosion. In order to prevent this percolation of this corrosive constituent, the present invention uses a bituminous layer between the covering composition and the plate somewhat after the fashion of a known process for pavin roads in which a resilient layer of melte asphalt with an addition of bitumen was laid upon the foundation of cement and a bracing of a grid or trellis of small bars of iron was placed upon the resilient layer with the surface material molded on top of the bracing.

'Ihe present invention consists in securing a layer of bituminous enamel upon the foundation material or supporting surface by means of an adhesive bituminous solution of a tenacious nature. The invention also consists in partially embedding into the enamel, preferably while the latter is still hot, reinforcing metal which may be either what is known as expanded metal or it may be wire netting or rods or bars of iron, steel or the like. Finally, the process forming the present invention consists in molding the covering material or plastic lcomposition upon the reinforcing metal so that the latter is also partially embedded in' present invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a face view of a section of a plate toV which a covering of4 cement has been applied by the method of the present invention; portions of the various layers are broken away for convenience of illustration.

'Fig 2 is a cross-section upon the line II-IlofPig. l.

In these drawings the foundation plate consists of a steel deck plate 1. Immediately upon its surface a thin coating of bituminous adhesive solution 2 is applied. This solution 'serves for attachment of the superimposed layer of bituminous enamel 3. Sections of expanded metal 4 are partially embedded in this bituminous enamel 3, preferably ywhile the latter is hot. In the exampleillustrated, as can be clearly seen in Fig, 2, the expanded metal has a section in which the separate portions are arranged obliquely so as to hold tightly on to the enamel l 3. 'Ihe sheet of Portland cement 5 which serves as a covering material is molded as seen about the expanded metal 4:, so that the latter is4 also partly embedded init and grips it tightly, as can be seen in Pig. 2.

The material for the layer of solution 2 is composed of substances of a bituminous nature such as bitumen, pitch, waxes and sa forth dissolved in ethylene, turpentine, naphtha, or other solvent. A very good result is obtained by employing equal parts of bitumen, resin and wax dissolved in ethyl ene, turpentine, petroleum, naphtha or Whatever solvent is employed. The layer 3 is of 'a material prepared by mixing bitumen,

rock asphalt, British asphalt, pitch or similar material in a hot molten state -with barytes, marble dust, lime, cement, Whiting, sulfur, or other filling material, for example, equal parts of bitumen, as halt and stearin pitch when heated may e mixed with equal parts of barytes, marble dust, lime cement and sulfur. The resulting indurated compound forms a bituminous enamel.

The present invention enables this sheet of covering material to be very greatly reduced in thickness while yet there is no fear of its rising. Although a covering of Portland cement is illustrated, any of the materials set out may be quite suitably employed, and as indicated, instead of the plain expanded metal, any metal of such a nature that it can be used for ordinary reinforcement may be employed. .y

The presentinvention is capable of extremely wide application. As mentioned,

one of its most useful applications is for covering ships decks-either exposed-or interior decks. It may be employed in covering the walls and floors of cabins, saloons, passages and the like. Further, it may be equally well employed for covering tops of tanks in holds and under engines or boilers, or turbine machinery spaces in ships. The method makes a joint between the covering material and the base plates which is of course quite waterproof and corrosion-proof owing to the bituminous enamel employed, so that it prevents iron and steel plates from corrosion and protects them against deleterious substances presentin Vthe manufacture of the covering material. In addition to these advantages, the material is a non-conductor of heat and therefore forms a heatproof coating, which, as pointed out, is of particular advantage in the neighborhood of boilers and engines. Also, when ordinary bituminous coverings are employed near boilers or engines, there is a tendency for the upper portions near the surface to move parallel to the surface or to flow. The reinforcing material employed with the present invention, of course, entirely obviates this drawback. i

Further, the invention may be employed in buildings upon land, it being particularly suitable for attaching protecting coverings tok bridges, roofs, tanks, partitions and the li e.

What I claim is 1. A method of securing a coating of cementitious composition upon a metal plate or other non-porous surfaces, consisting of depositing an adhesive coating upon the metal plate by applying a bituminous solution thereto, securing an indurated layer of bituminous enamel to said adhesive coating, partially embedding` expanded metal in the enamel, and molding a cementitious material upon and about the separate portions of the expanded metal to thereby form a bond between the cementitious material and the plate.

2. A method of securing a coatin of a cementitious composition upon a meta plate, consisting of depositing an adhesive coating upon the metal plate by applying a bituminous solution thereto, securing an indurated layer of bituminous enamel by means of said adhesive coating, while the enamel is in a heated condition partially embeddingr expanded metal in the enamel while the latter is still hot, and molding a coating of cementitious material upon and about the exposed portions of the expanded metal to form an unyieldi'ng bonded union between the metal plate and the cementitious material.

3. A floor, wall, ceiling or other structural support, comprising a metal base, an indurated bituminous enamel layer or coating, an adhesive bituminous binding agent interposed therebetween and incorporated with the adjacent surface of said enamel coating and adhering to the metal throughout its extent, an outer cementitious layer superposed upon said enamel, and an embedded metallic bonding network extending into said enamel and into said cementitious layer and forming a bond therebetween.

In testimony whereof I sign my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES MACDONALD.

Witnesses:

H. NIXON, A. MrromNsoN. 

